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Do Now
Should soda and other sugary drinks be taxed for health reasons? Why or why not?
Introduction
Soda, while sweet and inexpensive, may not be worth drinking. Sugary drinks can have many negative health effects, including a 26% greater risk of type 2 diabetes for regular soda drinkers (one to two cans per day). And men who average one can of a sugary drink per day have a 20% higher risk of having or dying from a heart attack than those who rarely drink them. The health impacts of drinking soda also affect pre-school children, heightening their chances of becoming obese at a very young age. According to Harvard School of Public Health, one in three children in America are obese or overweight, and childhood obesity has tripled in the last three decades. Should government be involved in trying to get people to reduce their consumption of soda and sugary drinks due to health effects?
In last week’s election, voters in San Francisco were given the opportunity to voice their opinion with Proposition E, which proposed a soda tax of $.02 per ounce. The tax, which needed to pass with a two-thirds majority, would have provided money for health, nutrition and physical education programs, and the hope was that it would also discourage citizens from purchasing unhealthy drinks. Although San Francisco’s Proposition E failed at the ballot, Berkeley residents succeeded in passing the nation’s first ever sugary drink tax–$.01 per ounce–on their similar Measure D.
The proposed soda tax in San Francisco would have equated to a $.24 tax on a twelve-ounce can of soda and $1.36 on a two-liter soda. The tax also would have been applied to fruit juices, energy drinks, and alcoholic drinks offered at bars. Proponents of the tax hoped that the price of sugary drinks would discourage people from purchasing them. Mexico recently implemented a tax of eight cents per liter on drinks containing at least 25% added sugar, which, though not well received by the public, was successful in decreasing the amount of soda purchased. After the tax was put into effect, Mexico’s biggest soda production company’s sales dropped by 6.4%.
Opponents of the San Francisco and Berkeley initiatives were concerned about their right to buy whatever drinks they wanted, without any additional taxes. Also opposed were the market, bar, and soda industries, which would not gain any profit from this tax, but would potentially lose money from decreased sales of these beverages because of the added cost. This left them fighting fiercely against Proposition E and Measure D. And although the Proposition E tax money was supposed to help fund city-operated programs and grants for San Francisco Unified School District’s physical education, nutrition programs, and healthier school lunches, some residents were skeptical about how well this plan would have been executed.
What do you think? Would a sugary drink tax discourage people from buying unhealthy drinks and increase people’s general health? Should such a tax be implemented around the country?
Resource
VIDEO: Sugar Showdown: Vote on San Francisco Soda Tax Draws Near (PBS NewsHour)
As the vote on whether tax on sodas and other sugary beverages in San Francisco drew near, advocates for the tax and those opposed weighed in.
To respond to the Do Now, you can comment below or tweet your response. Be sure to begin your tweet with @KQEDedspace and end it with #DoNowSoda
For more info on how to use Twitter, click here.
We encourage students to reply to other people’s tweets to foster more of a conversation. Also, if students tweet their personal opinions, ask them to support their ideas with links to interesting/credible articles online (adding a nice research component) or retweet other people’s ideas that they agree/disagree/find amusing. We also value student-produced media linked to their tweets. You can visit our video tutorials that showcase how to use several web-based production tools. Of course, do as you can… and any contribution is most welcomed.
More Resources
VIDEO: Soda Tax? (UC Berkeley)
In this short 3-min video, Alan Auerbach, an economics and law professor, discusses the basics of the San Francisco and Berkeley soda taxes.
VIDEO: The Effect of Soda on your Body (ABC News)
Reporter Yunji DeNies visits a lab and investigates how drinking a soda affects glucose levels in her body.
ARTICLE: City of San Francisco Sugary Drink Tax, Proposition E (Ballotpedia)
This article outlines San Francisco’s Proposition E and provides pro and con arguments.
ARTICLE: City of Berkeley Sugary Beverages and Soda Tax Question, Measure D (Ballotpedia)
This article outlines Berkeley’s Measure D and provides pro and con arguments.
KQED Do Now Science is a monthly activity in collaboration with California Academy of Sciences. The Science Do Now is posted every second Tuesday of the month.
This post was written by the following youth from the Science News Team within the California Academy of Sciences’ TechTeens program: Alexander B., Darrah B., Jonathan H., Nora H., Janelle L., Oliver L., Otto L., and Samuel P. The TechTeens are youth leaders who use digital media to develop and communicate science stories for the public.
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